In the gentle countryside to the west of Maidstone in Kent lies Penshurst House, the home of the Sidney family since the middle of the 16th century. The most famous of the Sidneys, Sir Philip, included an affectionate account of Penshurst in his Arcadia, where it is thinly disguised as the house of Kalendar. A generation later Ben Jonson's poem 'To Penshurst' celebrated the house as a landmark of antique virtue and antique hospitality, and contrasted it with the new and vulgar 'prodigy houses', such as Hatfield and Audley End, that were 'built to envious show' amidst the riot of competitive expenditure in the reign of James I. The Sidneys never had the money to spoil their inheritance, which survives as a glorious muddle of a house, centred on an enchanting Medieval hall and sprawling out into its Renaissance and later additions.

LRB 25 June 1992 | PDF Download